Dark energy and Flat Universe exposed by simple method

Here is another survey that gives further evidence that scientists should abandon their unreasonable opposition to anything connected with Spirit and pay attention to what scientists from the Spiritual world can explain to them. In 1914, through automatic writing, Spirit explained the existence of Dark Matter and Dark Energy together with some of its properties. These included the means by which light is carried around the universe!


By Jason Palmer Science and technology reporter, BBC News

The measurement depends on hundreds of pairs of "binary galaxies"

Researchers have developed a simple technique that adds evidence to the theory that the Universe is flat.

Moreover, the method - developed by revisiting a 30-year-old idea - confirms that "dark energy" makes up nearly three-quarters of the Universe.

The research, published in Nature, uses existing data and relies on fewer assumptions than current approaches.

Author Christian Marinoni says the idea turns estimating the Universe's shape into "primary school" geometry.

While the idea of the Earth being flat preoccupied the first philosophers millennia ago, the question of whether the Universe itself is flat remains a debatable topic.
The degree to which the Universe is curved has an effect on what astronomers see when they look into the cosmos.

A telescope on or near Earth may see an image of a celestial object differently from how the object actually looks, because the very fabric of space and time bends the light coming from it.

Christian Marinoni and Adeline Buzzi of the University of Provence have made use of this phenomenon in their technique.

Dark prospect

The current model of cosmology holds that only 4% of what makes up our Universe is normal matter - the stuff of stars and planets with which we are familiar, and that astronomers can see directly.

Once you measure the abundance of matter and energy in the Universe, you have direct information on its geometry; you can do geometry as we learn in primary school”
End Quote Christian Marinoni University of Provence

The overwhelming majority of the Universe, the theory holds, is composed of dark matter and dark energy. They are "dark" because they evidently do not absorb, emit and reflect light like normal matter, making direct views impossible.

Dark energy - purported to make up 73% of the known Universe - was proposed as the source of the ongoing expansion of everything in the cosmos. Astronomers have also observed that this expansion of the Universe seems to be accelerating.

Even though gravity holds that everything should attract everything else, in every direction astronomers look there is evidence that things are in fact moving apart - with those objects further away moving faster.

Dark energy is believed to pervade the essence of space and time, forcing a kind of "anti-gravity" that fits cosmologists' equations but that is otherwise a mysterious quantity.

"The problem is that we do not see dark energy because it doesn't emit light, so we cannot measure it by designing a new machine, a new telescope," explained Professor Marinoni.

"What we have to do is to devise a new mathematical framework that allows us to dig into this mystery," he told BBC News.

Circular reasoning

The technique used in this study was first proposed in 1979 by researchers at the universities of Princeton and Berkeley in the US.

It relies on measuring the degree to which images of far-flung astronomical objects are a distortion of their real appearance. The authors originally suggested a spherical object would work.
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The way the image is distorted should shed light on both the curvature of the Universe and the recipe of matter, dark matter and dark energy it is composed of.
The problem until now has been to choose an object whose real, local appearance can be known with certainty.

Professor Marinoni and Dr Buzzi's idea was to use a number of binary galaxies - pairs of galaxies that orbit each other.

The idea was checked using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Since nature shows no preference for the direction these galaxies would be orbiting one another, a look across the whole sky should spot the full spectrum of orbital planes - up, down, left, right, side-on and so on.

Put all of them together and they should approximate a sphere.

The team formed a kind of average of all of those binary galaxies, and corrected for the varying speeds at which the galaxies might be orbiting each other.

The calculation also takes into account the relative proportion of dark energy in the Universe.

The equation was then juggled until the collection of binaries did indeed look like a uniform mix of directions.

The results suggest that the Universe is made up of about 70% dark energy.
"In general relativity, there is a direct connection between geometry and dynamics," Professor Marinoni explained, "so that once you measure the abundance of matter and energy in the Universe, you have direct information on its geometry; you can do geometry as we learn in primary school."

The team's conclusions suggest the Universe is indeed flat - an assumption first put forth by Albert Einstein and seemingly confirmed by more recent observations but that remains one of the most difficult ideas to put on solid theoretical footing.
Alan Heavens, a theoretical astrophysicist at the University of Edinburgh, said that the strength of the result lies in that it requires few assumptions about the nature of the cosmos.

"The problem that Marinoni and Buzzi have attacked is to see if we can get another, rather clean way of working out what the geometry of the Universe is without going through some fairly indirect reasoning, which is what we do at the moment," Professor Heavens told BBC News.

"They get complete consistency with [results from] existing methods, so there's nothing surprising coming out - thankfully - but it's a neat idea because it really goes rather directly from observations to conclusions."

However, while the abundance of dark energy seems on an ever-firmer footing, its nature remains a mystery.

"I don't think it can tell us in a lot of detail what the dark energy is," Professor Heavens said. "I think it's probably not precise enough - certainly not yet."

Thanksgiving Address

Tomorrow in American Thanksgiving Day and the world is facing ever more threats to peace and prosperity. It seems an appropriate time to remind ourselves that Thanksgiving did not begin with The Pilgrim Fathers and that not only Americans but all of us should give thanks for the marvellous bounty all around us. The following may help us do just that.

These words come to us from the Six Nations – Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Onodaga, Seneca and Tucarora and date back at least one thousand years. They are still spoken at ceremonial and governmental gatherings of the Six Nations.

The People:

Today we have gathered and we see that the cycles of life continue. We have been given the duty to live in balance and harmony with each other and all living things. So now, we bring our minds together as one as we give greetings and thanks to each other as People.
Now our minds are one.

The Earth Mother:

We are all thankful to our Mother, the Earth, for she gives us all that we need for life. She supports our feet as we walk about upon her. It gives us joy that she continues to care for us as she has from the beginning of time. To our Mother we send greetings and thanks.
Now our minds are one.

The Waters:

We give thanks to all the Waters of the world for quenching our thirst and providing us with strength. Water is life. We know its power in many forms – waterfalls and rain, mists and streams, rivers and oceans. With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to the spirit of Water.
Now our minds are one

The Fish:

We turn our minds to all the Fish life in the water. They were instructed to cleanse and purify the water. They also give themselves to us as food. We are grateful that we can still find pure water. So we now turn to the Fish and send our greetings and thanks.
Now our minds are one.

The Plants:

Now we turn towards the vast fields of Plant life. As far as the eye can see, the Plants grow, working many wonders. They sustain many life forms. With our minds gathered together, we give thanks and look forward to seeing Plant life for many generations to come.
Now our minds are one.

The Food Plants:

With one mind, we turn to honour and thank all the Food Plants we harvest from the garden. Since the beginning of time, the grains, the vegetables, beans and berries have helped the people survive. Many other living things draw strength from them too. We gather all the Plant Foods together as one and send them greeting and thanks.
Now our minds are one.

The Medicine Herbs:

Now we turn to all the Medicine Herbs of the world. From the beginning they were instructed to take away sickness. They are always waiting and ready to heal us. We are happy they are still among us those special few who remember how to use the plants for healing. With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to the Medicines and to the keepers of the Medicines.
Now our minds are one.

The Animals:

We gather our minds together to send greetings and thanks to all the Animal life in the world. They have many things to teach us as people. We see them near our homes and in the deep forests. We are glad they are still here and we hope that it will always be so.
Now our minds are one.

The Trees:

We now turn our thoughts to the Trees. The Earth has many families of Trees who have their own instructions and uses. Some provide us with shelter and shade, others with fruit, beauty and other useful things. Many peoples of the world use a Tree as a symbol of peace and strength. With one mind, we greet and thank the Tree life.
Now our minds are one.

The Four Winds:

We are all thankful to the powers we know as the Four Winds. We hear their voices in the moving air as they refresh us and purify the air we breathe. They help to bring the change of seasons. From the four directions they come, bringing us messages and giving us strength. With one mind, we send our greetings and thanks to the Four Winds.
Now our minds are one.

The Thunderers:

Now we turn to the west where our Grandfathers, the Thunder Beings, live. With lightening and thundering voices, they bring with them the water that renews life. We bring our minds together as one to send greetings and thanks to our Grandfathers, the Thunderers.
Now our minds are one.

The Sun:

We now send greetings and thanks to our eldest brother, the Sun. Each day, without fail, he travels the sky from east to west, bringing the light of the new day. He is the source of all the fires of life. With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to our Brother, the Sun.
Now our minds are one.

Grandmother Moon:

We put our minds together and give thanks to lour oldest Grandmother, the Moon, who lights the night-time sky. She is the leader of women all over the world, and she governs the movement of the ocean tides. By her changing face we measure time, and it is the Moon who watches over the arrival of children here on Earth. With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to our Grandmother, the Moon.
Now our minds are one.

The Stars:

We give thanks to the Stars who are spread across the sky like jewellery. We see them in the night, helping the moon to light the darkness and bring dew to the gardens and growing things. When we travel at night, they guide us home. With our minds gathered together as one, we send greetings and thanks to all the Stars.
Now our minds are one.

The Enlightened Teachers:

We gather our minds to greet and thank the Enlightened Teachers who have come to help throughout the ages. When we forget how to live in harmony, they remind us of the way we were instructed to live as people. With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to these caring Teachers.
Now our minds are one.

The Creator:

Now we turn our thoughts to the Creator, or Great Spirit and send greetings and thanks for all the gifts of Creation. Everything we need to live a good life is here on this Mother Earth. For all the love that is still around us, we gather our minds together as one and send our choicest words of greetings and thanks to the Creator.
Now our minds are one.

Closing Words:

We have now arrived at the place where we end our words. Of all the things we have named, it was not our intention to leave anything out. If something was forgotten, we leave it to each individual to send such greetings and thanks in their own way
Now our minds are one.

The Rainbow

This is an extract nfrom my new novel, "The Keepsake." Visit www.spiritteach.net for details of how to buy it.

We were sitting on top of the ridge overlooking ‘our lake’ beyond which was another ridge, the twin of this one. The sun was shining and the sky above the lake was bright blue. Doing nothing in particular, we just sat treasuring the closeness of one to the other, listening to the birdsong and drowsing to the steady drone of insects. Yesterday and Carla seemed far away; to belong to a different century. I don’t know when I’d felt so relaxed. Olwen cried out, her voice full of excitement,
“Oh Ian look! Look at the rainbow, isn’t it wonderful?”

A perfect rainbow was forming which framed the lake, the two ends of the arch resting perfectly on either side of the water. We stared at it enraptured.
“It’s getting brighter. I don’t think I’ve ever seen such brilliant colours in a rainbow before.”

“You’re right Olwen and look, there’s a second rainbow forming alongside the first. Can you see it? It’s almost as bright as the other.”

“You know this means there are four pots of gold don’t you?” I laughed and replied,
“It’s so beautiful Olwen; I can believe anything at this moment.” I put my arm around her and drew her close.

We sat and watched in awe as the colours deepened. We became aware that behind us the light was so bright we knew if we looked around we would be blinded. Our rational selves knew it must be the sun but neither of us dared to look. It was almost as though we were in the presence of some special magic and to look backwards would break the spell, dispersing all the beauty unfolding before us.

“Look Olwen, there are two purple bands in each rainbow. Can you see?”

“Yes, it’s magic Ian. I feel God has singled us out for a special treat. Do you think He’s trying to tell us something?”

“No, He’s not trying to tell us anything. It’s His way of saluting our love.”
“Oh Ian, what a beautiful thing to say; no wonder I love you.”

It would have been natural to kiss but somehow we just couldn’t tear our eyes away from the scene before us. We just sat and stared, lost in wonder at this unique spectacle. It was so breathtaking there were tears in my eyes and I felt as if the light was filling me and enhancing my eyesight. I could swear I saw colours in the rainbow that I had never seen before. Colours I never knew existed.

As I looked I realised there were four rainbows, not two - Two in the sky and two in the lake. The lake was a perfect mirror reflecting the arches that spanned it. I found myself thinking about the future with Olwen and tried once more to picture the room I had glimpsed earlier. Somehow I knew she and I would be together for the rest of our lives. My heart swelled and my whole body tingled with excitement as I saw the room again. Just like before, it wore a familiar look. There was something about the windows … I tried and tried to work out why but still couldn’t place it. What I did know was it exuded a feeling of utter peace. The room seemed to wrap us in a cocoon of love and contentment. I knew I would recognise it as soon as I saw its physical counterpart and wondered when and where that would be.
Olwen interrupted my reverie.

“The birds aren’t singing anymore. Have you noticed?”

She was right. Even the skylarks were silent. Until a few moments ago they had filled the air with their joyous warbling as they climbed higher and higher into the sky, each trying to outdo the other in expressing its joy. I wondered if they too were overawed by the spectacle. There we were high in the Radnor hills amid perfect silence, watching the most beautiful natural phenomenon either of us had ever seen. Stunned by the beauty, we couldn’t break the almost mystical silence and sat there spellbound and still as though in a place of worship. I don’t know how long we sat there but it seemed forever. Gradually the light behind us dimmed, the colours in the rainbows began to fade and then the second, shadow rainbow, disappeared.
“I want to stay here always,” murmured Olwen, “but if we don’t leave soon we’re going to get so wet it isn’t true.”

We stood up and started to hurry back to the car. I thought that was that but we had another surprise. As we retraced our steps I noticed something else.
“Am I imagining things Olwen, or has the path turned purple?”

“Oh my goodness, it has and just the path. The grass on either side is still green. How incredible. What can it mean?”

“I think it’s connected in some way with the two purple bands in the rainbow,” I replied “but I can’t explain it, especially the fact that only the path seems to be affected. I’ve never seen anything like this before, have you?”

“No never. I’ve read somewhere that purple is the colour of power, which is why emperors and bishops wear purple robes. Look, let’s not try to analyse it, the magic will go if we do, just accept it as a blessing on the power of our love, a special benediction just for you and me.”

I’m not a religious or mystical person but this experience affected me a great deal. I seemed to feel the touch of an invisible hand and like Olwen was convinced that this whole, wonderful phenomenon was in some strange way staged for our benefit. Such a conclusion was irrational and quite contrary to my training as an accountant but I am certain that our souls had been touched. Neither of us would be the same again.

~ No Excuses ~

Many people say you must forget about yourself and love other people. Well, it doesn't work that way. The truth is, you must first accept yourself with all your mistakes - all of your so-called sins, all the times you look like a fool, and all the times you've acted inappropriately.

You must be able to stand before the entire world and make no excuse for yourself.
When you can do that, you're coming from a position of unconditional love.

Robert Anthony


There is so much truth in this but how difficult it is to put it into practice. So often, although we know all too well how weak and selfish we are, we feel compelled to pretend before other people so they will think us better than we really are. We have come to prize the opinion of others above that of being true to ourselves. Does this therefore mean we can only be true to ourselves if we stand alone and refuse to seek out the company of others? There are many who have thought that way and have shut themselves away in convents and monasteries, imposing vows of silence upon themselves. Have they found the true answer of how to live with unconditional love?

Isolation is not an easy option but despite this, I cannot believe that the way to overcome any negative aspects of our character is to run away and hide, no matter how much such self-denial may cost us. It is no accident that human beings band together in groups by nature and it is by no means natural for us to remain solitary. We are united by a common spiritual bond, even though each one of us appears to be so different from the other. As Alexander Pope puts it so eloquently in his “Essay on Man,” “That changed through all and yet in all the same.” We are each sons and daughters of The Great Spirit, or God, or The Great First Cause, or whatever name you prefer to call the power that is the source of all life. That means no matter how much we may differ in colour of skin, language, personality, beliefs or nationality, we all exist only because of the power of the spirit within us. Without our inner spirit we could not be.

No matter how difficult it is to come face to face with ourselves as we truly are, it is indeed the only way to achieve and experience unconditional love. The Ancient Greeks knew this well for written above the doors of the Oracle at Delphi were the words “Know Thyself”. It is impossible to forget yourself but it is possible to get to know your self so well, warts and all. Then you must learn to accept and love being what you are. Having gained this close acquaintance with ourselves and accepted ourselves as we truly are we can proceed to recognise that despite all our faults, we are part of the Source of all life and as such eternal and will after many trials and temptations, become as pure as the Angels. Thus we can truly love ourselves in a selfless, non-egotistical way. Only then will we be able to love others as we love ourselves.

Perhaps this is the ultimate challenge of our earthly lives!

TO: God.Com

I thought this was wonderful and wanted to share it with you all. Lionel


Dear Lord,
Every single evening
As I'm lying here in bed,
This tiny little Prayer
Keeps running through my head:

God bless all my family & friends
Wherever they may be,
Keep them warm
And safe from harm
For they're so close to me.

And God, there is one more thing
I wish that you could do;
Hope you don't mind me asking,
Please bless my computer too.

Now I know that it's unusual
To Bless a motherboard,
But listen just a second
While I explain it to you, Lord.

You see, that little metal box
Holds more than odds and ends;
Inside those small compartments
Rest so many of my friends.

I know so much about them
By the kindness that they give,
And this little scrap of metal
Takes me in to where they live.

By faith is how I know them
Much the same as you.
We share in what life brings us
And from that our friendships grew.

Please take an extra minute
From your duties up above,
To bless those in my address book
That's filled with so much love.


When you update your Heavenly list
On your own Great CD-ROM,
Bless everyone who says this prayer
Sent up to GOD.Com


Amen